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The exact cause or causes of autism is/are still not known but research shows that genetic factors are important. It is also evident from research that autism may be associated with a variety of conditions affecting brain development which occur before, during, or very soon after birth.

Autism and the other disorders in the autism spectrum are behaviourally defined syndromes that are now generally regarded to be of neurobiological origin (to do with the biology of the nervous system). Autism is not caused by inappropriate parenting!

The specific underlying psychological (mental processes) or neuro-physiological (components of the nervous system) mechanisms are simply not known. Although a number of different theories have been put forward, none has withstood closer scrutiny. Probably several causes and pathways lead to disorders in the autism spectrum. There is no reason to suppose there is only one pathway. The search must continue.

Signs to look for

The signs of ASD emerge in the early years, usually around 14 to 18 months. All children will develop at their own pace. Children are amazing and when typically developing they will engage in a range of behaviours that would be deemed normal. The Checklist for Autism in Toddlers gives a number of skills or behaviours that can be used as early warning signals. If you tick YES to all or some of these you should raise your concerns with your health visitor or GP. If you tick yes to all or some it does not mean that your child has ASD but you should not delay in getting a professional opinion.

For the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers go to: http://www.autismresearchcentre.com/tests/chat_test.asp [External Link] »

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